Method and system for controlling redundancy of individual components of a remote facility system

ABSTRACT

A remote facility and method for operating the same includes a signal processing system including a primary multiplexer multiplexing IP signals to form a multiplexed signal, a primary modulator a primary transport processing system forming a transport stream signal from the multiplexed signal, a primary modulator modulating the transport stream signal to form a modulated signal, a backup multiplexer multiplexing IP signals to form the multiplexed signal, a backup modulator a primary transport processing system forming a transport stream signal from the multiplexed signal, a backup modulator modulating the transport stream signal to form a modulated signal. The remote facility includes a controller in communication with the primary multiplexer, the primary transport processing system, the primary modulator, the backup multiplexer, the backup transport processing system and the backup modulator, said controller forming an output signal using at least one of the primary multiplexer, the primary transport processing system, and the primary modulator and at least one of the backup multiplexer, the backup transport processing system and the backup modulator. The remote facility may be part of a television signal collection system that includes an IP network and a local collection facility in communication with the remote collection facility through the IP network.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to communication systems, andmore particularly to a method and system for providing redundancy ofindividually controlled components at a remote facility.

BACKGROUND

The statements in this section merely provide background informationrelated to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

Satellite broadcasting of television signals has increased inpopularity. Satellite television providers continually offer more andunique services to their subscribers to enhance the viewing experience.Providing reliability in a satellite broadcasting system is therefore animportant goal of satellite broadcast providers. Providing reliablesignals reduces the overall cost of the system by reducing the number ofreceived calls at a customer call center.

In satellite broadcasting systems, users have come to expect theinclusion of local channels in addition to the channels broadcast forthe entire Continental United States. Collecting the channels may beperformed in various manners, including providing a manned station thatreceives the signals. The signals may be uplinked from variouslocations. Providing manned stations increases the labor costs and thusincreases the overall cost of the service.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides a means for receiving and monitoringsignals at a local collection facility and communicating between a localcollection facility and a remote collection facility. The system may besuitable for collecting television signals and communicating them to aremote facility such as an uplink facility.

In one aspect of the invention, a method includes multiplexing IPsignals to form a multiplexed signal at a primary multiplexer, forming atransport stream signal from the multiplexed signal at a primarytransport processing system, modulating the transport stream signal toform a modulated signal at a primary modulator, forming a first outputsignal from the modulated signal, after the steps of multiplexing,forming a transport stream, modulating and forming a first outputsignal, controlling one of multiplexing IP signals at a backupmultiplexer, forming the transport stream signal at a backup transportprocessing system or modulating the transport stream at a backupmodulator.

In still another aspect of the invention, a remote facility includes asignal processing system including a primary multiplexer multiplexing IPsignals to form a multiplexed signal, a primary modulator a primarytransport processing system forming a transport stream signal from themultiplexed signal, a primary modulator modulating the transport streamsignal to form a modulated signal, a backup multiplexer multiplexing IPsignals to form the multiplexed signal, a backup modulator a primarytransport processing system forming a transport stream signal from themultiplexed signal, a backup modulator modulating the transport streamsignal to form a modulated signal. The remote facility includes acontroller in communication with the primary multiplexer, the primarytransport processing system, the primary modulator, the backupmultiplexer, the backup transport processing system and the backupmodulator, said controller forming an output signal using at least oneof the primary multiplexer, the primary transport processing system, andthe primary modulator and at least one of the backup multiplexer, thebackup transport processing system and the backup modulator.

The remote facility may be part of a television signal collection systemthat includes an IP network and a local collection facility incommunication with the remote collection facility through the IPnetwork.

Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the descriptionprovided herein. It should be understood that the description andspecific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and arenot intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

DRAWINGS

The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and arenot intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way.

FIG. 1 is an overall system view of a collection and communicationsystem in the continental United States.

FIG. 2 is a system view at the regional level of the collection andcommunication system.

FIG. 3 is a detailed block diagrammatic view of a local collectionfacility illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 4 is a detailed block diagrammatic view of a remote uplinkfacility.

FIG. 5 is a block diagrammatic view of a monitoring system of FIG. 3.

FIG. 6A is a plan view of a local collection receiver monitoringdisplay.

FIG. 6B is a plan view of an uplink monitoring display.

FIG. 6C is a plan view of a thread monitoring display.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a back-upreceiver decoder circuit module at the local collection facility from aremote facility.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for controlling monitoring in thelocal collection facility.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart with a method of controlling redundancy ofcomponents of a remote facility.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is notintended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. Itshould be understood that throughout the drawings, correspondingreference numerals indicate like or corresponding parts and features.

As used herein, the term module, circuit and/or device refers to anApplication Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, aprocessor (shared, dedicated, or group) and memory that execute one ormore software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit,and/or other suitable components that provide the describedfunctionality. As used herein, the phrase at least one of A, B, and Cshould be construed to mean a logical (A or B or C), using anon-exclusive logical or. It should be understood that steps within amethod may be executed in different order without altering theprinciples of the present disclosure.

The present disclosure is described with respect to a satellitetelevision system. However, the present disclosure may have various usesincluding satellite data transmission and reception for home or businessuses. The system may also be used in a cable system or wirelessterrestrial communication system.

Referring now to FIG. 1, a collection and communication system 10includes a satellite 12 that includes at least one transponder 13.Typically, multiple transponders are in a satellite. Although only onesatellite is shown, more than one is possible or even likely.

The collection and communication system 10 includes a central facilityor Network operations center (NOC) 14 and a plurality of regional orremote uplink facilities (RUF) 16A, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E and 16F. In anon-satellite system the facilities may be referred to as a remotefacility. The regional or remote uplink facilities 16A-16F may belocated at various locations throughout a landmass 18 such as thecontinental United States, including more or less than thoseillustrated. The regional or remote uplink facilities 16A-16F uplinkvarious uplink signals 17 to satellite 12. The satellites downlinksignals 19 to various users 20 that may be located in different areas ofthe landmass 18. The users 20 may be mobile or fixed users. The uplinksignals 17 may be digital signals such as digital television signals ordigital data signals. The digital television signals may be highdefinition television signals, standard definition signals orcombinations of both. Uplinking may be performed at various frequenciesincluding Ka band. The present disclosure, however, is not limited to Kaband. However, Ka band is a suitable frequency example used throughoutthis disclosure. The central facility or NOC 14 may also receivedownlink signals 19 corresponding to the uplink signals 17 from thevarious regional or remote uplink facilities and from itself formonitoring purposes. The central facility 14 may monitor and control thequality of all the signals broadcast from the system 10.

The central facility 14 may also be coupled to the regional or remoteuplink facilities through a network such as a computer network havingassociated communication lines 24A-24F. Each communication line 24A-F isassociated with a respective regional or remote uplink site 16.Communication lines 24A-24F are terrestrial-based lines. As will befurther described below, all of the functions performed at the regionalor remote uplink facilities may be controlled centrally at the centralfacility 14 as long as the associated communication line 24A-F is notinterrupted. When a communication line 24A-F is interrupted, eachregional or remote uplink site 16A-F may operate autonomously so thatuplink signals may continually be provided to the satellite 12. Each ofthe regional or remote uplink and central facilities includes atransmitting and receiving antenna which is not shown for simplicity inFIG. 1.

Each of the regional or remote uplink facilities 16A-16F may also be incommunication with a local collection facility collectively referred towith reference numeral 30. As illustrated in FIG. 1, three localcollection facilities are associated with each remote uplink facility16. For example, remote uplink facility 16A has local collectionfacilities 30A, 30B and 30C associated therewith. Local collectionfacilities 30D-30S are associated with one of the other remote uplinkfacilities 16B-16F. Although only three local collection facilities areillustrated for each remote uplink facility 16, numerous localcollection facilities may be associated with each remote uplink facility16. The number of local collection facilities 30 may be numerous, suchas 40 for each remote uplink facility. The number of local collectionfacilities 30 is limited by the amount of equipment and the capabilitiesthereof associated with each remote uplink facility 16.

The local collection facilities 30 are used for collecting localtelevision stations in various designated marketing areas (DMA). As isillustrated, local collection facility 30A is located in DMA1 and localcollection facility 30B is located in DMA2. For simplicity, only twoDMAs are illustrated. However, each local collection facility may belocated in a DMA.

The local collection facilities 30 may be in communication with eachremote uplink facility 16 through a communication network 32. As will bedescribed below, the communication network 32 may be an internetprotocol (IP) network. The signals from the local collection facilities30 may thus be video-over-IP signals. Each of the remote uplinkfacilities 16 are in communication with each local collection facility30 through the communication network 32. As is illustrated, localcollection facility 30A is in communication with the remote uplinkfacility 16A through communication network 32A, while local collectionfacility 30B is in communication with the remote uplink facility 16Athrough communication network 32B, and so on.

Referring now to FIG. 2, the regional or remote uplink facilities16A-16F of FIG. 1 is illustrated collectively as reference numeral 16.The regional facilities 16 may actually comprise two facilities thatinclude a primary site 40 (such as the remote uplink facility 16 above)and a diverse site 42. The primary site 40 may be referred to as aprimary broadcast center (PBC). As will be described below, the centralsite 14 may also include a primary site and diverse site as is set forthherein. The primary site 40 and diverse site 42 of both the central andregional sites may be separated by at least 25 miles, or, more even moresuch as, at least 40 miles. In one constructed embodiment, 50 miles wasused. The primary site 40 includes a first antenna 44 for transmittingand receiving signals to and from satellite 12. Diverse site 42 alsoincludes an antenna 46 for transmitting and receiving signals fromsatellite 12.

Primary site 40 and diverse site 42 may also receive signals from GPSsatellites 50. GPS satellites 50 generate signals corresponding to thelocation and a precision timed signal that may be provided to theprimary site 40 through an antenna 52 and to the diverse site 42 throughan antenna 54. It should be noted that redundant GPS antennas (52A,B)for each site may be provided. In some configurations, antennas 44 and46 may also be used to receive GPS signals.

A precision time source 56 may also be coupled to the primary site 40and to the diverse site 42 for providing a precision time source. Theprecision time source 56 may include various sources such as coupling toa central atomic clock. The precision time source 56 may be used totrigger certain events such as advertising insertions and the like.

The primary site 40 and the diverse site 42 may be coupled through acommunication line 60. Communication line 60 may be a dedicatedcommunication line. The primary site 40 and the diverse site 42 maycommunicate over the communication line using a video over internetprotocol (IP).

Various signal sources 64 such as an optical fiber line, copper line orantennas may provide incoming signals 66 to the local collectionfacility 30. Incoming signal 66, as mentioned above, may be televisionsignals. The television signals may be over-the-air high-definitionsignals, over-the-air standard television signals, or high or standarddefinition signals received through a terrestrial communication line.The incoming signals 66 such as the television signals may be routedfrom the local collection facility 30 through the communication network30 to the primary site 40, or the diverse site 42 in the event of aswitchover. The switchover may be manual or a weather-related automaticswitchover. A manual switchover, for example, may be used during amaintenance condition.

Users 20 receive downlink signals 70 corresponding to the televisionsignals. Users 20 may include home-based systems, business-based systemsor multiple dwelling unit systems. As illustrated, a user 20 has areceiving antenna 72 coupled to an integrated receiver decoder (IRD) 74that processes the signals and generates audio and video signalscorresponding to the received downlink signal 70 for display on thetelevision or monitor 76. It should also be noted that satellite radioreceiving systems may also be used in place of the IRD 74. Theintegrated receiver decoder 74 may be incorporated into or may bereferred to as a set top box.

The user 20 may also be a mobile user. The user 20 may therefore beimplemented in a mobile device or portable device 80. The portabledevice 80 may include but are not limited to various types of devicessuch as a laptop computer 82, a personal digital assistant 84, acellular telephone 86 or a portable media player 88.

Referring now to FIGS. 3, the local collection facility 30 isillustrated in more detail adjacent to the remote uplink facility (RUF)16. As mentioned above, the local collection facility 30 is incommunication with the remote uplink facility 16 through a network 32such as an IP network. The local collection facility 30 is used forcollecting signals in a designated marketing area or other area. Thechannel signals may be received as over-the-air television signals orthrough a direct local feed 102 such as an optical fiber or wire. Thedirect feed 102 may be in the form of an asynchronous series interface(ASI) signal. For an over-the-air signal, an antenna or plurality ofantennas 100 are provided. The router signals are communicated to aplurality of receiver circuit modules 104A-E (collectively referred toas 104). The number of receiver circuit modules 104 depends upon variousdesign parameters such as how many channels the designated marketincludes. Various numbers of receiver circuit modules 104 may beprovided.

In addition to the receiver circuit modules 104, a monitor receivercircuit module 106 and a back-up receiver circuit module 108 may beincluded at the local collection facility 30. Each of the receivercircuit modules 104, 106, 108 may be monitored by a monitoring system aswill be described below.

The details of the receiver circuit modules 104A-E, 106 and 108 will befurther described below. The receiver circuit modules 104, 106, 108generally include a receiver module 110 and an encoder module 112. Thereceiver module 110 is used to tune, demodulate and decode theover-the-air signals. The decoder within the receiver module 110 maydecode received signals from MPEG2 format. The receiver circuit module110, as will be described below, may include an ATSC receiver or an NTSCreceiver. The receive signals are processed and encoded into a formatsuch an IP format in the encoder 112. The encoder 112 may encode intoMPEG4 format.

The monitor receiver circuit module 106 is used for generating monitorsignals for one of the received channel signals. That is, although onlyone monitor receiver module 106 may be provided, the monitoring systemmay monitor one of the channel signals. This may be performed remotelythrough the network 32 from the remote uplink facility 16.

An incoming ASI router which is optional may also be in communicationwith the monitor receiving circuit module 106. The incoming ASI router116 receives signals through the direct feed 102. The router 116 is usedto select one of the ASI signals for input to the monitor receivingcircuit module 106.

A back-up antenna switch 118 may be used to communicate one of thechannel signals from the antenna 100 to the back-up receiving circuitmodule 108. The back-up antenna switch 118 provides a channel signal tothe back-up receiving circuit module 108. Also, the incoming ASI router116 may also provide a signal to the back-up receiving circuit module108. The back-up receiving circuit module 108 may be used as asubstitute for one of the receiving circuit modules 104A-E in the caseof maintenance, failure, or the like.

The output of the receiving circuit modules 104A-E, 106 and 108 are incommunication with a primary router 130 and a back-up router 132. Asuitable example of a primary and back-up router is a Cisco® 7604.Preferably each of the receiving circuit modules 104, 106 and 108 are incommunication with both the primary router 130 and the back-up router132. An A-B switch 134 is used to generate an output signalcorresponding to one of the primary router 130 or the back-up router132. The routers 130, 132 route the IP signals through the switch 134and through the network 32 which communicates the encoded channelsignals to the remote uplink facility 16, diverse uplink facility andthe network operation center. The routers 130, 132 and the switch 134may be monitored and controlled by the compression system controlled orABMS system described below.

A monitoring integrated receiver decoder (MIRD) 120 may also be providedwithin each local facility 30. The monitoring IRD 120 may providemonitoring signals to the monitor receiving circuit module 106. Morespecifically, the monitoring IRD 120 receives signals from the satellitecorresponding to a tuned channel. The channel may be tuned through themonitoring system such as the compression system controller or the ABMSsystem, as will be described below. By providing the monitoring IRD 120,signals received from the satellite and broadcast to a particular localmarket may be monitored. That is, the same signals received in the localfacility over the air or through the direct feed 102 and ultimatelyuplinked to the satellite may then be monitored by monitoring a downlinkof the local signals. The monitoring system may control the tuning ofthe channel of the monitoring IRD 120. The monitoring system may also beused to monitor the output through the monitor receiving circuit module106.

Referring now to FIG. 4, the remote uplink facility 16 may include anuplink signal processing system (USPS) 200. In a constructed embodimentseveral uplink signal processing systems 200 may be provided. This mayinclude a secondary or back-up USPS (not shown). The encoded channelsignals routed through the network 32 includes identification of thesignal so that it may be properly routed to the proper uplink signalprocessing system. As described below, this may be done by multicasting.The uplink signal processing system 200 generates an output signal to anuplink RF system (URFS) 202 that includes a power amplifier 204. Theoutput signal of each USPS 200 may correspond to one transponder of asatellite. The output signal is a multiplexed signal that may includeboth high definition television signals and standard definitiontelevision signals. The uplink signal processing system 200 may alsoprovide redundant pairs of components to increase the reliability of theoutput signal. The pairs are provided so that less than the wholeprimary or secondary chain may be switched. That is, individual primarycomponents may be replaced by back-up components.

The uplink signal processing system 200 may include an IP switch 208, amultiplexer 210, an advance transport processing system (ATPS) 212, anda modulator 214. Pairs of multiplexers 210, advance transport processingsystems 212, and modulators 214 may be provided for redundancy. That isprimary and back-up pairs of each may be provided.

The multiplexer 210 multiplexes the decoded channel signals from thelocal area network 32 into a multiplexed transport stream (MPTS). Themultiplexer 210 may also act to insert advertising into the signal.Thus, the multiplexer 210 may act as a multiplexing module and as an adinsertion module. The multiplexer 210 may be a statistical multiplexerused to group signals from various local collection facilities. Variousnumbers of encoded channel signals may be multiplexed. In oneconstructed embodiment, eight channel signals were multiplexed at eachmultiplexer 210. The multiplexer 210 may be a statistical multiplexerthat may be used to join IP multicast groups together from more than onelocal collection facility.

The advance transport processing system (ATPS) 212 converts thetransport stream from the multiplexer 210 into an advanced transportstream such as the DIRECTV® A3 transport stream. The ATPS 212 maysupport either ASI or MPEG output interface for the broadcast path.Thus, the ATPS 212 acts as an encryption module.

The modulators 214 modulate the transport stream from the ATPS 212 andgenerate an RF signal at a frequency such as an L-band frequency. An RFswitch 216 is coupled to the primary modulator and back-up modulator214. The RF switch provides one output signal to the uplink RF system202. The USPS 200 may also be coupled to a quality control (QC) stationconsole 250. The quality control station console 250 may be coupleddirectly to the RF switch 216. The quality control station console 250may also be coupled to a communication monitoring bus 252. The bus 252may be used to communicate between a monitoring system 230, used formonitoring and controlling the various components in the remote uplinkfacility, and the local collection facilities. The bus 252 may, forexample, be in communication with a technical services (TS) monitorconsole 254. The bus 252 may also be coupled to an advance broadcastmanagement system (ABMS) server 256. Both a primary server and a back-upserver 256 may be used.

A compression system controller 260 may also be coupled to the bus 252within the monitoring system 230. As is illustrated, both a primary andback-up compression system controller 260 may be provided. Thecompression system controller 260 may be coupled to a broadcastmanagement system 262 as will be further described below. The ABMSsystem 256 and the compression system controller 260 may be used tocontrol various functions and monitor various functions of the remoteuplink facility and the local collection facilities. These functionswill be further described below.

The compression system controller 260 is a centralized server which isused to control and monitor the receiving circuit modules within thechain of a remote uplink facility. The compression system controller 260may be used to manage, configure, control and monitor the receivingcircuit modules and the encoders therein. The compression systemcontroller 260 may also control the routers, switches and receiverswithin the receiving circuit modules. The compression system controller260 may be physically located within the remote uplink facility.However, web access may be provided through a standard web browser forallowing users to interface, configure and control the various systems.In addition to controlling the receiving circuit modules and thestatistical multiplexers, the compression system controller 260 may beused to initiate a redundancy switch to a back-up receiving circuitmodule or encoder within the local collection facilities. Thecompression system controller 260 may also be used to initiate a switchto a back-up statistical multiplexer within the remote uplink facility16. The compression system controller may also be used to update theremote broadcast management system 262.

Each of the components of the USPS 200 may be coupled to the bus 252.That is, the primary and back-up multiplexers 210, the primary andback-up ATPS's 212, the primary and back-up modulators 214 and the RFswitch 216 may all be coupled to the bus 252.

The ABMS system 256 may be used for various monitoring and controllingfunctions at the remote facility and the various local facilities.Monitoring may include monitoring transport level errors, video outages,audio outages, loss of connection from a redundancy controller or a datasource or a compression system controller 260.

The remote uplink facility may also include the diverse uplink facilityor diverse site 42. The diverse site may receive signals from theprimary ATPS 212 in the event of a modulator 214 or switch failure 216.The transport stream signals provided from the primary advancedtransport processing system 212 are communicated to the primarymodulator and back-up modulator 214′ of the diverse facility 42. An RFswitch 216′ may be used to couple the output of either the primarymodulator or the back-up modulator 214′ to the uplink RF system 202. TheABMS system 256′ may also be used to monitor the output of the diverseuplink facility 256′.

The network operation center 14 may be coupled the IP network 32. Thenetwork operation center may also be coupled to the remote uplinkfacility through an ATM or IP network 280. The network operation centermay have a monitor and control console 282 and a monitoring decoder 284for monitoring and controlling various functions of the various remoteuplink facilities. The network operation center monitor and controlconsole 282 may also be used to control and monitor the various localcollection facilities 30. This may be performed directly or through thecompression system controller 260.

Referring now to FIG. 5, the monitoring system 230 of FIG. 4 isillustrated in further detail. The monitoring system receives signalsthrough the network 32. As mentioned above, feeds from various uplinksystems such as various IF switches 226, may be provided to an L-bandrouter 300. An ASI router 302 may be used to route the signals from thelocal collection facilities to a decoder 304. The decoder may be an ATSCdecoder. Decoder 304 may be optional should the signals already bedecoded at the local collection facility. The L-band router 300 may bein communication with a monitor IRD 306. The output of the monitor IRD306 and the decoders 304 are provided to a multi-viewer or plurality ofmulti-viewers 308. A remote uplink facility monitor router 310 is usedto provide signals to the monitor network encoders 312 which in turnprovide signals to a monitor feed network 314. The L-band routers mayalso provide signals to a demodulator 316. The output of the demodulator316 and the monitor network encoders 312 may be provided to the monitorfeed network 314. The monitor feed network 314 may be various types oftransmission means used to communicate between the remote uplinkfacilities 16 and the network operation center 14.

The remote uplink facility 16 may generate monitoring display 350 aswell. The monitoring displays 350 may also be used to control thevarious functions at the local collection facilities. The monitoringdisplays may be in communication with the monitor router 310.

The network operation center 14 may include an ASI router 330 for theselection of signals from a particular remote uplink facility. The ASIsignals may be routed to an ATSC decoder 332 and a monitor IRD 334. TheATSC decoder 332 may provide the signals to a monitor router 336. Amonitor wall 338 may be used to generate monitoring signals for use atthe network operation center. A workstation 340 may also receive thesignals from the network operation center monitor router 336. The ATSCdecoders 332 and the monitor IRDs 334 may provide the signals to aquality assurance (QA) room 342. Screen displays at the monitor wall338, the workstation 340 and the quality assurance room 342 are used formonitoring the various remote uplink facilities. The workstation 340 mayalso be used for control purposes. Signals are provided to the remoteuplink facility and ultimately to the local collection facilities shoulda problem arise with the signals. Ultimately the control signals may becommunicated back through the network 32.

The network operation center 14 may also include multiple workstations340 as well as a large monitor wall 338. The workstations 340 may haveaccess to various control surfaces that can configure the monitor walls338 as well as signals fed to the various monitors at the station.

Control of the on-air failure recovery devices as well as the monitoringfunctions for every LCF and RUF are accomplished through controlsurfaces such as touch screens and keyboards together with a GUI at theworkstations 340 in the network operation center 14. The controlsurfaces may be application-specific and present the status and controloptions for various multiple configurations for the application. Thequality assurance room 342 may not have any control functions therein.The monitors 350 may be coupled to the monitor network encoders 315 fordisplaying various views from the remote uplink facility and the localcollection facilities.

Further, the decoders 332 may be MPEG decoders since the signal may bein MPEG form (IP) when received from the remote uplink facility.

Referring now to FIG. 6A, a local collection facility monitor within aremote facility is generated having four local collection facilitychannels 410, 412, 414, and 416. Each display may also include anunder-monitor display 418 used to identify the particular channelsignal. The under-monitor displays 418 may display the actual channelnumber, the station identification or other information and the like.

In FIG. 6B, an uplink monitor is illustrated having an uplink channelone 420, an uplink channel two 422, an uplink channel three 424, and anuplink channel four 426. An under-monitor display 428 may also beincluded with each of the displays 420-426. The uplink channels receivethe uplink channel signals so that they may be monitored. The uplinkchannel signals provide an indication as to the uplink channel. Variousselections may be made for the particular uplink channels for theparticular remote uplink facilities.

FIG. 6C includes an uplink channel signal 440 and a local collectionfacility IRD signal 442. The local collection facility IRD signal 442may be received through the monitoring IRD located at the localcollection facility. This is illustrated in FIG. 3 as reference numeral120. The display may also display a channel from the local collectionfacility, the back-up receiver channel or the local collection facilitymonitor receiver. Both displays 440 and 442 may include an under-monitordisplay 450.

Referring now to FIG. 7, a method for changing or controlling a back-upreceiving circuit module at a local collection facility from a remotecollection facility is illustrated. In step 512, the monitoring system230 identifies a channel and a local collection facility associated withthe channel. This may be performed at a broadcast operation centerchannel or the like. This may also be performed at the network operationcenter 14. The channel may be identified by using the various monitorsat the network operation center or the remote uplink facility asdescribed above.

In step 514, the method includes commanding the monitor ASI router 302of FIG. 5 to switch to the router input corresponding to the designatedLCF monitor network adapter output to the ASI router output defined forthe requesting console thread decoder input. The thread decoder may thenbe tuned to the station identification defined for the local channelsource for the broadcast operation center in step 516. In step 518, itis determined whether the signal is an ASI signal received through adirect feed or an RF signal communicated through an RF antenna. In step520, if the signal is an RF signal, the antenna switch 118 of FIG. 3 iscommanded to feed the back-up receiver and the back-up receiver module108 is tuned in step 522. It should be noted that the back-up receivermay be tunable, whereas the other receivers in the receiver circuitmodules 104 may be fixed-tuned.

Referring back to step 518, if the signal is an ASI signal, the back-upreceiver module is switched to the particular ASI input. This may bedone through the ASI router 116 of FIG. 3. After step 524, the back-upreceiver is tuned in step 522.

In step 526, the local collection facility ASI router is commanded toswitch to the back-up receiver input to monitor the channel feed outputat the network adapter. In step 528, a preview of the back-up signals isprovided at the remote uplink facility. As mentioned above, the signalmay also be provided to the network operation center.

In step 530, other channels are prevented to switch to the back-upreceiver. In step 532, if the signal is not acceptable a preview iscontinued in step 528. In step 532, if the previewed signal isacceptable a switch to the back-up receiver is performed in step 534. Instep 538, the monitoring system commands the system to mirror and switchto the back-up encoder if available. Mirroring means communicating anyof the set-up configuration parameters from the receiver circuit modulein question to the backup receiver circuit module. In step 538, ifverification is received that the back-up receiver has been employed inthe broadcast signal. In step 540, a notification is provided to theoperation that a successful transition to the back-up encoder isprovided.

Referring now to FIG. 8, a method of controlling the monitoring portionof the local collections facility is illustrated. To monitor aparticular channel, the antenna switch may be switched to receive an ASIsignal or an over-the-air antenna signal. The monitor antenna switch 114of FIG. 3 may be controlled through the routers 130, 132 from themonitoring and control system. The signal from the switch 114 isprovided to the monitor receiving circuit module 106 of FIG. 3. Inaddition, the monitoring IRD 120 of FIG. 3 may generate an outputsignal. The output signal may be tuned or controlled from the monitoringsystem through the routers 130, 132. In step 614, the monitoring IRDoutput signal is provided to the monitor receiving module where it isprovided to the monitoring system through the routers 130, 132.

In step 616, the switch signal or the monitoring IRD output signal, orboth, are provided to the remote facility from the local facilitythrough the routers 130, 132. In step 618, the signals are monitored andcontrolled at the monitoring system. The monitor receiving circuit maybe used for monitoring various signals including a received antennasignal downlinked from the satellite so that verification of the entireprocess may be monitored.

Referring now to FIG. 9, a method for monitoring and controlling theremote facility is illustrated. In this example, various aspects of theremote facility may be monitored and controlled. For example, themultiplexers 210, the ATPS 212, the primary modulator 214 may all beswitched from primary to back-up modulators individually. In step 710, achannel for monitoring is identified in the monitoring system. In step712, the transponder corresponding to the channel is identified. Asmentioned above, more than one local collection facility may feed aparticular transponder. Each USPS 200 corresponds to a plurality ofsignals that may be from various local collection facilities. In step714, the USPS for the particular channel is identified. In step 616, acomponent to switch is determined. If a multiplexer is chosen, step 720is performed. In step 720, an identification of the CSC controller forthe particular channel is chosen. In step 722, it is determined whethera back-up multiplexer is available. If no back-up multiplexer isavailable, step 724 is performed. In step 722, if a back-up, back-upmultiplexer is available, step 726 is performed. In step 726, a commandis generated for swapping between the primary and back-up multiplexer.This may be performed with one of the various screens identified above.In step 728, a verification is generated to confirm that a switch from aprimary to a back-up multiplexer has taken place. In step 730, a“complete” message may be generated by the system to indicate to theoperator that switching from a primary to a back-up multiplexer has beenperformed. It should be noted that the above steps and the stepsdescribed below for switching may be performed at a primary orengineering USPS.

Referring back to step 716, if an ATPS system is selected for componentswitching, step 740 identifies the state of the ATPS pair. The state mayinclude an on-line and off-line status for each ATPS. In step 742, ifthe back-up ATPS is not available, step 724 is executed in which thesystem ends. In step 742, if a back-up ATPS is available, step 744commands a swap from the primary to the back-up ATPS. In step 748, averification signal is generated to the monitoring system to confirmthat a switch has been performed. In step 750, a “complete” message mayalso be generated to indicate that the switch from the primary to theback-up ATPS may be performed or was performed.

Referring back to step 716, if the modulator was the component toswitch, then step 760 is performed. In step 760, a modulator paircorresponding to the channel is identified. In step 762, the state ofthe IF or RF switch is identified. In step 764, if the back-up modulatoris available or is not available, step 765 ends the process. In step764, if a back-up modulator is available, step 766 commands the switchto switch inputs from the primary to the back-up modulator. In step 768,verification is performed to verify that a switch is taking place. Instep 770, a “complete” message may be generated to verify that switchingfrom the primary to a back-up modulator has been performed.

As can be seen above, only one of the multiplexers, ATPS, or modulatormay be selected for switching. In other words, less than the entire USPSchain may be switched. The above process may be performed depending onthe transponder redundancy mode in the monitoring system. In a manualmode, individual components may be requested to be switched to theback-up function. In an automated mode, only the entire chain may beswitched. That is, the primary multiplexer 210, ATPS 212, and modulator214 may be switched from the primary ATPS to the back-up ATPS.

Those skilled in the art can now appreciate from the foregoingdescription that the broad teachings of the disclosure can beimplemented in a variety of forms. Therefore, while this disclosureincludes particular examples, the true scope of the disclosure shouldnot be so limited since other modifications will become apparent to theskilled practitioner upon a study of the drawings, the specification andthe following claims.

1. A method of controlling a signal processing system comprising:receiving channel signals at a local collection facility; encoding thechannel signals into IP signals; communicating IP signals from the localcollection facility to a remote facility; multiplexing IP signals toform a multiplexed signal at a primary multiplexer at the localcollection facility; multiplexing IP signals to form the multiplexedsignal at a backup multiplexer at the local collection facility; forminga transport stream signal by encrypting the multiplexed signal at aprimary transport processing system; forming the transport stream signalby encrypting the multiplexed signal at a backup transport processingsystem; modulating the transport stream signal to form a modulatedsignal at a primary modulator; modulating the transport stream signal toform the modulated signal at a backup primary modulator; forming a firstoutput signal from the modulated signal; and forming an output signalusing at least one of the primary multiplexer, the primary transportprocessing system, and the primary modulator and at least one of thebackup multiplexer, the backup transport processing system and thebackup modulator.
 2. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein receivingchannel signals comprises receiving a plurality of over-the-air channelsignals at the local collection facility.
 3. A method as recited inclaim 1 wherein receiving channel signals comprises receiving, channelsignals through a wire or optical fiber connection at the localcollection facility.
 4. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein formingan output signal comprises forming an uplink signal from the modulatedsignal; and uplinking the uplink signal to a satellite from the remotefacility.
 5. A method as recited in claim 1 further comprisingcontrolling the local collection facility from the remote facility.
 6. Amethod as recited in claim 1 further comprising controlling the localcollection facility from a network operation center.
 7. A method asrecited in claim 1 further comprising monitoring the primarymultiplexer, the primary transport processing system, the primarymodulator and generating a monitoring signal.
 8. A method as recited inclaim 7 wherein controlling comprises controlling from a monitoringsystem in a remote facility in response to monitoring.
 9. A method asrecited in claim 7 wherein controlling comprises controlling using amonitoring system in a network operation center disposed apart from aremote facility in response to monitoring.
 10. A system comprising: anIP network; a remote facility comprising: a signal processing systemincluding a primary multiplexer multiplexing IP signals to form amultiplexed signal; a primary transport processing system forming atransport stream signal by encrypting the multiplexed signal; a primarymodulator modulating the transport stream signal to form a modulatedsignal; a backup multiplexer multiplexing IP signals to form themultiplexed signal; a backup transport processing system forming thetransport stream signal by encrypting the multiplexed signal; a backupmodulator modulating the transport stream signal to form the modulatedsignal; and a controller in communication with the primary multiplexer,the primary transport processing system, the primary modulator, thebackup multiplexer, the backup transport processing system and thebackup modulator, said controller forming an output signal using atleast one of the primary multiplexer, the primary transport processingsystem, and the primary modulator and at least one of the backupmultiplexer, the backup transport processing system and the backupmodulator; and a local collection facility in communication with theremote facility through the IP network, said local collection facilityreceiving channel signals, encoding the channel signals into respectiveIP signals, communicating the respective IP signals through an IPnetwork to the remote facility.
 11. A remote facility as recited inclaim 10 wherein the controller is in communication with the primarymodulator and the backup modulator through a switch.
 12. A remotefacility as recited in claim 10 wherein the controller comprises amonitoring system.
 13. A remote facility as recited in claim 12 whereinthe monitoring system is disposed in a network operations center.
 14. Aremote facility as recited in claim 10 further comprising a primary IPswitch and a backup IP switch.
 15. A remote facility as recited in claim10 wherein the controller monitors the primary multiplexer, the primarytransport processing system, the primary modulator and controls formingthe output signal in response to monitoring.
 16. A system as recited inclaim 10 wherein the IP signals comprise video-over-IP signals.
 17. Asystem as recited in claim 10 wherein the channel signals compriseterrestrial over-the air channel signals received through an antenna.18. A system as recited in claim 10 wherein the channel signals comprisestandard definition terrestrial over-the air channel signals receivedthrough an antenna.
 19. A system as recited in claim 10 wherein thechannel signals comprise high definition terrestrial over-the airchannel signals received through an antenna.
 20. A system as recited inclaim 10 wherein the local collection facility comprises a plurality oflocal collection facilities.